Detection and development of lactic acid bacteria bacteriocins - A hint on the screening of bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria
Jue Xu, Zhicheng Wang, Zihang Shi, Mingzhen Liu, Xiankang Fan, Tao Zhang, Zhen Wu, Mingzi Zhu, Maolin Tu, Daodong Pan
Abstract
Bacteriocins synthesized by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a diverse array of antimicrobial peptides exhibiting broad-spectrum activity, playing a crucial role in maintaining food quality and safety. Bacteriocins have been widely recognized as a natural bio-preservative, however, the development of bacteriocins takes a cumbersome and time-consuming step. Screening of LAB bacteriocins represents one of the key steps in the application and study of this class of substances. Herein, we summarized new advances in bacteriocin detection and development. By reviewing the species of bacteriocin-producing LAB, the classification and discovery of bacteriocins, the isolation and purification methods of bacteriocins, and the mechanism of bacterial inhibition, the rapid development of bacteriocins is hinted and analyzed. Bacteriocins from LAB exhibit diverse sequences and varying properties, structures, and mechanisms of action. The screening of bacteriocins is complicated and inefficient, and combining the structural features, inhibition mechanisms and targets of action of bacteriocins can be more effective in screening bacteriocins. Elucidation of their characteristics and modes of action provides essential information for designing new application strategies. • This paper reviewed the global discovery of LAB bacteriocins in the last decade. • A novel classification of bacteriocins was summarized. • Methods to screen for bacteriocins were proposed from the results speculatively. • Future research directions were proposed from four different perspectives.