Concepts of Spin Seebeck Effect in Ferromagnetic Metals
Lizhi Yi, Dongchao Yang, Min Liu, Hua‐Hua Fu, Linjie Ding, Yunli Xu, Bing-Bing Zhang, Liqing Pan, John Q. Xiao
Abstract
Abstract Spin Seebeck effect (SSE) and related spin caloritronics have attracted great interest recently. However, the definition of the SSE coefficient remains to be established, let alone a clean experiment to measure the SSE coefficient in ferromagnetic metals. The concept through a model based on the semi‐classical Botlzmann transport equation has been clarified. The model includes the vital spin‐flip process, which is frequent in metals, and points out that the length scale of SSE is much larger than the spin diffusion length. The model reveals how the spin‐flip process influences the transport equations and provides the simple relationship between the different spin‐flip relaxation times for spin‐up and ‐down electrons, which is very useful to understand the spin transport properties. This understanding allows to redefine the expression of the spin Seebeck coefficient.