Bioactive Compounds of Endophytic Fungi Lasiodiplodia theobromae Isolated From The Leaves of Sungkai (Peronema canescens)
Unknown authors
Abstract
Peronema canescens, known as sungkai, is a plant that is commonly found in Indonesia. Sungkai is used to cure various diseases related to the immune system. Endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants are a potential natural resource for producing medicinal compounds. In this study, we report on the endophytic fungal species isolated from sungkai leaves and their bioactive compounds. Identification of endophytic fungi was carried out morphologically, and the fungi were analyzed molecularly through the use of phylogenetic trees. The endophytic fungi were cultivated in the potato dextrose broth medium over four weeks in static conditions. Extraction of metabolites was performed using ethyl acetate and then evaporated to gain a dense extract. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method was used to test antioxidant activity, and the disc diffusion method was used for antibacterial activity. Bioactive compounds were isolated through the chromatographic technique, and the pure compounds were identified spectroscopically to understand the chemical structure. The result of the isolation of endophytic fungi from the sungkai leaves was obtained with the region of difference 4 (RD4) code. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analysis, RD4 was identical to Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Two pure compounds were found in the endophytic fungi; namely, 3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-isochromene-1,8(7H)-dione (compound 1) and“3-hydroxy-4(hydroxy(4- hydroxyphenyl)methyl)-ɣ-butyrolactone (compound 2). Compound 2 had strong antioxidant activity and good antibacterial activity. Based on this research, compound 2 has the potential to be developed as a new source of antioxidant and antibacterial activity following further research.