Anti-drug antibody detection with label-free electrolyte-gated organic field-effect transistors
Matteo Sensi, Marcello Berto, Sara Gentile, Marcello Pinti, Andrea Conti, Giovanni Pellacani, Carlo Salvarani, Andrea Cossarizza, Carlo Augusto Bortolotti, Fabio Biscarini
Abstract
The efficacy of immunotherapy can be undermined by the development of an immune response against a drug/antibody mediated by anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) in treated patients. We present the first label-free EGOFET immunosensor that integrates a biological drug, Nivolumab (Opdivo©), as a specific recognition moiety to quantitatively and selectively detect ADAs against the drug. The limit of detection is 100 fM. This demonstration is a prelude to the detection of ADAs in a clinical setting in the treatment of different pathologies, and it also enables rapid screening of biological drugs for immunogenicity.