Assessment of antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of green mediated silver nanoparticles and its coating onto mini-implants
Swapna Sreenivasagan, Aravind Kumar Subramanian, S. Rajeshkumar S. Rajeshkumar
Abstract
Mini-implants have become a major device in orthodontic treatment in this era, and practitioners intend to use for different clinical situations. Silver nanoparticle coating onto metal is known to reduce the colonization of bacteria, thus coating mini-implants will reduce the risk of peri-implantitis and implant failure. As there are new horizons being explored with nanotechnology, assessing its toxicity is very essential for its use in medicine. Chitosan based silver impregnated nanoparticles were synthesised using green tea extract and chitosan particles using thermal treatment. Formation of silver nanoparticles were assessed using double beam UV spectrophotometer. Mini-implants coated with silver nanoparticles were tested for antimicrobial property against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus and Candida albicans. Characterisation of the surface coating was done by using TEM. To assess the cytotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles, shrimp was cultured and were tested by adding various concentration of silver nanoparticle to it. UV-vis spectrophotometer was used to examine the formation of silver nanoparticles at 440 a.u peak. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to characterize the nanoparticles that showed particles spherical in shape. A considerable zone of inhibition was also formed after 24 h of incubation for bacteria and 48 h of incubation of silver nanoparticles in Candida albicans. Cytotoxicity was assessed by testing on shrimp culture. Titanium mini-implants when coated with silver nanoparticles has excellent antimicrobial properties and, hence can be used a biomaterial in orthodontics but further tests are needed to evaluate the coating during and after placement.