Green biosynthesis of bimetallic silver titanium dioxide nanoparticles using Pluchea indica with their anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities
Samy Selim, Bahaa Mohammed Badr, Mohamed Moustafa, Ebrahim Saied, Fathy M. Elkady, Ayman Salama, Abeer S. Aloufi, Noura A. Algamdi, Noura N. Alzahofi, Emad Abada, Mohammed S. Alshammari, Soad K. Al Jaouni, Amr H. Hashem
Abstract
Natural plant extracts provide a cost-effective and eco-friendly option for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles, as opposed to traditional chemical or physical methods. This research involved the bio-fabrication of silver-titanium dioxide bimetallic nanoparticles (Ag-TiO 2 BNPs) utilizing the leaf extract of Pluchea indica . The Ag-TiO 2 BNPs underwent characterization through UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, XRD, and DLS techniques. The UV-Vis spectroscopy results revealed an absorbance peak at 350 nm, which confirms the successful synthesis of Ag-TiO 2 BNPs. TEM observations revealed that the average diameter of the Ag-TiO 2 BNPs varied between 10 and 60 nm. The assessment of the anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant bioactivities of the biosynthesized Ag-TiO 2 BNPs was conducted. Results revealed that the IC50 of Ag-TiO 2 BNP against Wi-38 normal cell line was 169.6 µg/mL. Moreover, Ag-TiO 2 BNPs exhibited anticancer activity against MCF-7 cancerous cell line with an IC50 of 33.5 µg/mL. Furthermore, the produced Ag-TiO 2 BNPs exhibited antibacterial properties against a range of pathogenic bacterial strains, with MIC varying from 31.25 to 62.5 µg/mL. Additionally, Ag-TiO 2 BNPs showed antioxidant activity with IC50 225 µg/mL. In conclusion, Ag-TiO 2 BNPs was successfully biosynthesized using P. indica leaves, where it had anticancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties.