Biomimetic mineralization synergistic combustion activation to construct honeycomb porous carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries
Hao Zhang, Fan Gao, Dingyue Zhang, Caiqin Gao, Gang Huang, Ziqiang Zhang, Yongxin Liu, Mauricio Terrones, Jingjiang Wei, Yanqing Wang
Abstract
Porous carbon has been proven to be an auspicious anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but the previous preparation methods still have shortcomings such as high cost, complicated processes, and environmental pollution. In this work, a biomimetic mineralization synergistic combustion activation strategy, which has the advantages of abundant raw materials, simple synthesis and environmental friendliness. The synthesized CMFO, with honeycomb morphology, high porosity and N, O, S triple doping, exhibits a 76.1 % initial coulombic efficiency when used as a sodium-ion battery (SIB) anode in an ether-based electrolyte. In addition, it can provide a specific capacity of 408.9 and 144.5 mAh g −1 at 0.05 and 10 A g −1 , and retains a specific capacity of 151.4 mAh g −1 after 2000 cycles at 5 A g −1 . Furthermore, the assembled NVP//CMFO full cell presents a high energy density of 177.7 Wh kg −1 . This study demonstrates the excellence of the method in constructing anode materials for SIBs, and will inspire more researchers to use biomimetic mineralization template to develop more novel carbon-based materials to advance the field of energy storage.