A review on protein based nanocarriers for polyphenols: interaction and stabilization mechanisms
Yun Xiao, Talha Ahmad, Tarun Belwal, Rana Muhammad Aadil, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique, Limin Pang, Yanqun Xu
Abstract
Protein has been used as the carrier for protecting and targeting polyphenols and increasing their shelf-life. Interactions of a protein molecule with polyphenols are important, which change functions and physiochemical properties of the complex and provide protection to polyphenols. Interactions between proteins and polyphenols are largely non-covalent. Factors that affect such interactions include pH, temperature, and the structure of both proteins and polyphenols. Moreover, excellent stability of polyphenols can be achieved by using nanoencapsulation techniques such as emulsion, nanohydrogel, and nanocomplex formation. The use of protein combined with other compounds such as lipids and carbohydrates was found to be the most suitable carrier for polyphenols encapsulation. This review aims to describe the interaction between proteins and polyphenols, focusing on applying nanoencapsulation for increasing stability and targeted delivery of phenolic compounds.