Electronic/Ionic Dual Functional Layer-Coated Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>F<sub>3</sub> Cathode with High Sodium Storage Performance
Chang Q. Sun, Lulu Zhang, Xiaoqin Xiong, Ze‐Rong Deng, Hua‐Bin Sun, Xuelin Yang
Abstract
NASICON-structured Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 (NVPF) is considered to be a promising cathode for sodium-ion batteries due to its high work potential and large theoretical capacity. However, the poor electronic conductivity severely limits its electrochemical performance. Herein, a dual functional layer composed of N-doped C and β ″ -Al 2 O 3 is constructed on the NVPF surface to improve electronic and ionic conductivity simultaneously. The dual functional layer-coated NVPF cathode exhibits superior capacities of 126.7 and 106.4 mAh g –1 at 0.2 and 10 C, respectively. Furthermore, an outstanding capacity retention of 95.5% can be achieved after 500 cycles at 10 C. In full cell systems, it also has a superior electrochemical performance, with a capacity retention of 96.1% over 120 cycles at 1 C and a capacity of up to 78.5 mAh g –1 at 5 C. Unexpectedly, due to the compensation of irreversible Na + loss during the formation of cathode/electrolyte interface film by Na + in β ″ -Al 2 O 3, the full cell has an initial Coulombic efficiency as high as 91.9%. Therefore, this modification strategy of combining β ″ -Al 2 O 3 with carbon is feasible and effective and can be extended to other electrode materials with poor electronic/ionic conductivity.