Current advancements in the development of bionic organs using regenerative medicine and 3D tissue engineering
Dilip Kumar Shanmugam, S. Anitha, Vedhapriya Souresh, Yasasve Madhavan, Shobana Sampath, Divyambika Catakapatri Venugopal, Muthupandian Saravanan
Abstract
Bio-artificial organs, commonly referred to as bionic organs, are artificial structures that perform the same functions as natural organs. In regenerative medicine, damaged organs are repaired using biological components including growth factors and stem cells. The advancement of tissue engineering, which aims to harness the inherent regenerative potential of human body organs to rebuild normal biological function, has benefited greatly from the use of biomaterials. The rapidly expanding field of regenerative medicine has brought the usage of biomaterials and their functions in the production of new tissue. Organs-on-chips are seen as a concept performer in tissue engineering with significant potential for future ‘clinical trials on a chip’ and a step towards developing customized medicine. With the advancement of 3D printing technology, the manufacturing constraints of biomedical devices have been solved using cutting-edge biomimetic structures. This review covers the areas on bionic organs such as organ on a chip with tissue engineering, bio grafting, 3D bio-printing and the stem cell techniques that are employed in regenerative medicine.