Size-dependent cellular uptake of sodium alginate passivated tin dioxide nanoparticles in triple-negative breast cancer cells
Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan, Kokkarachedu Varaprasad, Sungjun Kim, Ashok Kumar Jangid, Wonjeong Lee, A.S. Haja Hameed, Kyobum Kim
Abstract
The new development of inorganic (IO) nanoparticle (NPs)-based nanomedicines in anticancer therapy is an active area of research. The cellular uptake of IO NPs plays a crucial role in their efficacy as anticancer agents . In this case, IO NPs cellular uptake depends on physical and chemical parameters , including size, shape, and surface modification of the nanoparticles. From the cellular uptake, one of the essential parameters for small size plays a critical role in the NPs' due to their ability to passively diffuse across the cell membrane or enter cells through endocytosis . In this study, the inorganic SnO 2 (tin dioxide) and SA (sodium alginate) were made into SnO 2 (SASnO 2 ) using a simple one-pot green method. Biomedical studies have shown that SASnO 2 NPs exhibit greater antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties than SnO 2 NPs. The prepared SnO 2 and SASnO 2 NPs were tested against breast cancer cells in anticancer studies. In cellular uptake studies, the smaller size of SASnO 2 NPs (19 nm) resulted in higher cellular uptake compared to SnO 2 NPs (38 nm). The larger surface area of these SASnO 2 NPs allows for more contact with biological membranes and internalization (cell uptake) by cancer cells, resulting in enhanced anticancer therapy when using SASnO 2 NPs.