Differential diagnosis of temporal lobe lesions with hyperintense signal on T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences: pictorial essay
Larissa Marques Santana, Eduardo de Jesus Agapito Valadares, Marcos Rosa Júnior
Abstract
Various neuropathologies produce hyperintense signals on T2-weighted or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences of the temporal lobes. Recognition of the distribution pattern and associated findings may narrow the spectrum of differential diagnoses or suggest a specific disease. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate the relatively common diseases that affect the temporal lobe, such as herpes simplex encephalitis, neurosyphilis, limbic encephalitis, postictal edema, neoplasia, and multiple sclerosis, as well as those that are less common, such as myotonic dystrophy type 1, CADASIL, and CARASIL, together with the particularities of each entity.
Topics & Concepts
Fluid-attenuated inversion recoveryMedicineCADASILTemporal lobeNeurosyphilisLimbic encephalitisDifferential diagnosisEncephalitisMultiple sclerosisPathologyLeukoencephalopathyRadiologyDiseaseMagnetic resonance imagingVirologySyphilisPsychiatryVirusEpilepsyHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Cerebrovascular and genetic disordersAutoimmune Neurological Disorders and TreatmentsRNA regulation and disease