An Efficient Robust Blind Watermarking Method Based on Convolution Neural Networks in Wavelet Transform Domain
Nguyen Chi Sy, Ha Hoang Kha, Nguyen Minh Hoang
Abstract
Digital watermarking is one of the most widely used techniques for the protection of ownership rights of digital audio, images, and videos. One of the desirable properties of a digital watermarking scheme is its robustness against attacks aiming at removing or destroying the watermark from the host data. Different from the common watermarking techniques based on the spatial domain or transform domain, in this paper, a novel scheme of digital image blind watermarking based on the combination of the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. Firstly, the host images are decomposed by the DWT with 4 levels and, then, the low frequency sub-bands of the first level and the high frequency sub-bands of the fourth level are used as the input data and the output target data to train the CNN model for embedding and extracting the watermark. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has superior performance against common attacks of JPEG compression, mean and median filtering, salt and pepper noise, Gaussian noise, speckle noise, brightness modification, scaling, cropping, rotation, and shearing operations.