Pulsed electric fields‐ and ultrasound‐assisted green extraction of valuable compounds from <i>Origanum v</i> <i>ulgare</i> L. and <i>Thymus serpyllum</i> L.
Serena Carpentieri, Luisa Mazza, Marinela Nutrizio, Anet Režek Jambrak, Giovanna Ferrari, Gianpiero Pataro
Abstract
Summary This work compared the effects of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and ultrasound (US) technologies on the extent of cell disintegration of two Mediterranean herb tissues ( Origanum vulgare L., Thymus serpyllum L.), as well as on the extractability of phenolic compounds during the subsequent hydroalcoholic extraction (0%–50% ethanol in water, v/v) for up to 4 h. The rate of phenolic compounds extraction decreased with time and was predicted rather satisfactorily ( R 2 = 0.898–0.989) by the Peleg’s model. The application of either PEF or US treatment prior to solid–liquid extraction (SLE) has the potential to reduce duration and concentration of ethanol to achieve the same recovery yield of phenolic compounds. Under optimised PEF (3 kV cm −1 , 10 kJ kg −1 ) and US (400 W, 20 min) treatment conditions, the extracts obtained from either PEF or US pretreated herb samples showed higher total phenolic yield (36% on average) and antioxidant activity (FRAP) (36% on average) as compared to the control extraction, especially when 25% ethanol was used as a solvent. GC/MS analyses revealed no evidence of degradation of individual phenolics due to either PEF or US application.