Diagnostic value of kappa free light chain index in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis – a multicentre study
Harald Hegen, Klaus Berek, Paola Cavalla, Mikael Christiansen, Andreja Emeršič, Massimiliano Di Filippo, Lorenzo Gaetani, Michaela Hassler, Cyra E Leurs, Dejan Milosavljevic, Vincent Van Pesch, Thor Petersen, Stefan Presslauer, Igal Rosenstein, Uroš Rot, Christine Schnabl, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Domizia Vecchio, Marco Vercellino, Florian Deisenhammer
Abstract
Background: Kappa free light chains (κ-FLC) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are an emerging biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To investigate whether κ-FLC index has similar diagnostic value in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) compared to oligoclonal bands (OCB). Methods: Patients with PPMS were recruited through 11 MS centres across 7 countries. κ-FLC were measured by immunonephelometry/-turbidimetry. OCB were determined by isoelectric focusing and immunofixation. Results: A total of 174 patients (mean age of 52±11 years, 51% males) were included. κ-FLC index using a cut-off of 6.1 was positive in 161 (93%) and OCB in 153 (88%) patients. Conclusion: κ-FLC index shows similar diagnostic sensitivity than OCB in PPMS.