Susceptibility patterns and virulence genotypes of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> affecting eradication therapy outcomes among Egyptian patients with gastroduodenal diseases
Ahmed Morad Asaad, Gasser El-Azab, Eman Abdelsameea, Osama Elbahr, Ahmed Kamal, Mohamed Abdel-Samiee, Ahmed Abdelfattah, Heba Abdallah, Doha Maher, Ahmed El-Refaie, Samar Ghanem, Shamshul Ansari, Samah Awad
Abstract
BACKGROUND: ) is a significant human pathogen that is responsible for a variety of illnesses, including mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, gastric cancer, peptic ulcers, and gastritis. AIM: virulence genetic determinants on the eradication success of 14-d triple therapy regimen. METHODS: genotypes of cultured strains were studied using polymerase chain reaction. The patients underwent 14 d of triple-therapy treatment. The treatment response was examined using histology and a rapid urease test 6 wk after therapy discontinuation. RESULTS: strains resistant to clarithromycin (aOR = 0.204, 95%CI: -0.005 to 0.412) and amoxicillin (aOR = 0.223, 95%CI: 0.026-0.537). CONCLUSION: pan-resistance to metronidazole followed by the high resistance to ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin in this research is challenging and of great concern.