Oilfield-produced water characteristics and treatment technologies: a mini review
Abdulaziz Jafar Abbas, Hatem Asal Gzar, Mahdi Nuhair Rahi
Abstract
Abstract The produced water considers as the largest waste stream in the oilfields and refineries, which has a high concentration of hydrocarbons, heavy metals besides other pollutants. As per the increase in the activity of industries, the generated produced water has increased all over the world and treating it for reusing becomes now important from the environmental point of view. Treatment of produced water can be achieved within different processes or methods including physical (filtration, adsorption, etc.), chemical (precipitation, oxidation), and biological (activated sludge, biological aerated filters and others) methods. The aim of this paper is to highlighting and discussing the characteristics of produced water in detail besides the physical, chemical, and biological techniques used for the treatment of the produced water.