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Magnetic Properties of Star-forming Dense Cores

Philip C. Myers, Shantanu Basu

2021The Astrophysical Journal39 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

Abstract Magnetic and energetic properties are presented for 17 dense cores within a few hundred parsecs of the Sun. Their plane-of-sky field strengths B pos are estimated from the dispersion of polarization directions, following Davis, Chandrasekhar, and Fermi (DCF). Their ratio of mass to magnetic critical mass is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:math> , indicating nearly critical field strengths. The field strength B pos is correlated with column density N as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>pos</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∝</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.05</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.08</mml:mn> </mml:math> , and with density n as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>pos</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∝</mml:mo> <mml:mspace width="0.33em"/> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , where <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>q</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.66</mml:mn> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn> </mml:math> . These magnetic properties are consistent with those derived from Zeeman studies, with less scatter. Relations between virial mass M V , magnetic critical mass M B , and Alfvén amplitude <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:math> match the observed range of M / M B for cores observed to be nearly virial, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>0.5</mml:mn> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>M</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:math> , with moderate Alfvén amplitudes, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>σ</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="true">/</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>≲</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:math> . The B − N and B − n correlations in the DCF and Zeeman samples can be explained when such bound, Alfvénic, and nearly critical cores have central concentration and spheroidal shape. For these properties, <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>B</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∝</mml:mo> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:math> because M / M B is nearly constant compared to the range of N , and <jats

Topics & Concepts

PhysicsZeeman effectMagnetic fieldCondensed matter physicsPolarization (electrochemistry)AmplitudeField strengthAstrophysicsField (mathematics)Range (aeronautics)Dispersion (optics)Zeeman energyAtomic physicsMass ratioVirial theoremMagnetic pressureMagnetic dipoleMagnetic energyCritical fieldDispersion relationParamagnetismEffective mass (spring–mass system)Fermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeAstrophysics and Star Formation StudiesStellar, planetary, and galactic studiesAstronomy and Astrophysical Research
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