High recoverable energy storage density of Na<sub>0.5</sub>Bi<sub>0.5</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> lead-free ceramics modified by Bi(Mg<sub>0.5</sub>Hf<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>
Kaiyuan Wang, Wen‐Hua Li, Xingui Tang, Siyuan Zhang, Yansong Zhang, Jia Hu, Zhihao Shen, Yanping Jiang, Xiaobin Guo
Abstract
Enhancing the availability and reliability of dielectric ceramic energy storage devices is of great importance. In this work, (1-[Formula: see text])[Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]Bi([Formula: see text])[Formula: see text] (NBT–[Formula: see text]BMH) lead-free ceramics were created utilizing a solid-state reaction technique. All NBT–[Formula: see text]BMH ceramics have a single perovskite structure. With increasing BMH doping, the grain size shrinks drastically, which greatly enhances the breakdown electric field (310 kV/cm at [Formula: see text] = 0.25). Additionally, the relaxation behaviors of NBT–[Formula: see text]BMH ceramics with high BMH content are more remarkable. Among all designed components, the NBT–0.25BMH ceramic exhibits the best energy storage performance with a high [Formula: see text] of 4.63 J/[Formula: see text] and an [Formula: see text] of 75.1% at 310 kV/cm. The NBT–0.25BMH ceramic has exceptional resistance to fluctuations in both frequency (5–500 Hz) and temperature (30–100[Formula: see text]C). Charge–discharge test shows that the NBT–0.25BMH ceramic has a quick discharge rate ([Formula: see text] 110 ns). With these properties, the NBT–0.25BMH ceramic may have applications in microdevices as well as in ultra-high power electronic systems.