A NASICON‐typed Na<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>0.5</sub>Al(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> cathode for low‐cost and high‐energy sodium‐ion batteries
Xiaohao Liu, Wei‐Hong Lai, Jian Peng, Yun Gao, Hang Zhang, Zhuo Yang, Xiang‐Xi He, Zhe Hu, Li Li, Yun Qiao, Minghong Wu, Huan Liu
Abstract
Abstract Developing low‐cost and high‐voltage manganese (Mn)‐based Na superionic conductor (NASICON) cathode materials have attracted extensive interest. The low capacity and cycling instability of Na 4 MnAl(PO 4 ) 3 (NMAP), however, limits its performance in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, a binary Na 4 Mn 0.5 Fe 0.5 Al(PO 4 ) 3 (MNFAP) is fabricated to ease the structural instability and, in turn, deliver an improved reversible capacity of 102 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C and a high energy density of 287.7 Wh kg −1 . The synergistic interaction of Fe and Mn in Na 4 Mn 0.5 Fe 0.5 Al(PO 4 ) 3 /C composite leads to a one‐phase solid‐solution reaction mechanism with high structural reversibility. Theoretical calculations have also been performed to explain the upshifted voltage platform of both Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ and Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ redox potentials. The rational design of NASICON‐type cathodes by regulating their composition with dual metal ions provides new perspectives for developing high‐performance SIBs.