Investigation of changes in some chemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, phenolic and fatty acid profiles of flaxseed and oils
Mehmet Musa Özcan, Nurhan Uslu
Abstract
The total carotenoid and flavonoid contents of flaxseeds were detected between 0.14 (Atalanta) and 0.66 μg/g (Sarı-85) to 255.71 (Sarı-85) and 424.29 mg/100 g (Cihanbeyli), respectively. Also, while total phenolic contents of flaxseeds are determined between 178.81 mg/100 g (Sarı-85) and 243.73 mg/100 g (Cihanbeyli), antioxidant activities of flaxseed samples were determined between 9.42 (Sarı-85) and 13.14 mmol/kg (Cihanbeyli). Quercetin and catechin contents of flaxseeds were identified between 26.19 (Sarı-85) and 45.69 mg/100 g (Atalanta) to 10.82 (Atalanta) and 25.44 mg/100 g (Kulu), respectively. While rutin amounts of flaxseeds vary between 10.20 (Sarı-85) and 15.78 mg/100 g (Kulu), resveratrol contents of flaxseed samples were detected between 5.72 (Atalanta) and 14.42 mg/100 g (Halfeti). Linolenic, oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids were the most abundant fatty acids of flaxseed oils. Linolenic and oleic acid amounts of flaxseed oils are determined between 51.19 (Kulu) and 56.51% (Sarı-85) to 20.27% (Sarı-85) and 22.12% (Atalanta), respectively. The high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in flaxseed oils limits the use of this oil as cooking oil. Practical applications Flaxseed oil has several industrial uses. It is a plant that is cultivated in a geography extending from the west of the Mediterranean to India and is used for various purposes. Flaxseed is used in the production of edible and non-edible industrial oil. Its iodine number is around 180, and it is used in many fields, especially in the paint industry, and flaxseed, like other oilseeds, has a high oil content and a superior fatty acid profile.