Involvement of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> in the occurrence of community and hospital acquired diarrhea, and its virulence diversity among the stool and the environmental samples
Parisa Fakhkhari, Elahe Tajeddin, Masoumeh Azimirad, Siavosh Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi, Ahya Abdi Ali, Bahram Nikmanesh, Babak Eshrati, Mohammad Mehdí Gouya, Parviz Owlia, Mohammad Reza Zali, Masoud Alebouyeh
Abstract
Transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa along the food chain could cause gastrointestinal infections. To show this involvement, the prevalence, putative virulence genotype, and antibiotic resistance phenotype of P. aeruginosa isolates from stool of 1482 patients with community and hospital acquired diarrhea were compared with 87 isolates from the environmental samples. The results showed infection with P. aeruginosa in 3.4% of the cases, while 57.4% of vegetable samples were contaminated. Significantly higher frequency of lasB (98%), aprA (98%), exoY (98%), and exoS (90%), but lower rate of exoT (39.2%), was detected among the stool isolates. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) phenotype was detected in 25.5% and 4% of the stool and vegetable isolates, respectively. A higher rate of studied virulence genes was detected among the MDR strains vs non-MDR strains. These results indicate P. aeruginosa as a causative agent of diarrhea either among the hospitalized patients and those with community-acquired diarrhea.