Theranostic inorganic–organic hybrid nanoparticles with a cocktail of chemotherapeutic and cytostatic drugs
Mikhail Khorenko, Juliana Pfeifer, Joanna Napp, Anna Meschkov, Frauke Alves, Ute Schepers, Claus Feldmann
Abstract
: tetraphenylporphine sulfonate) are presented for the first time. These IOH-NPs are prepared in water (40-60 nm in size) and have a non-complex composition with outstanding drug loading (71-82% of total nanoparticle mass) of at least two chemotherapeutic or a mixture of cytostatic and photosensitizing agents. All IOH-NPs show red to deep-red emission (650-800 nm) to enable optical imaging. The superior performance of the IOH-NPs with a chemotherapeutic/cytostatic cocktail is validated based on cell-viability assays and angiogenesis studies with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The synergistic anti-cancer effect of the IOH-NPs with a chemotherapeutic cocktail is shown in a murine breast-cancer cell line (pH8N8) and a human pancreatic cancer cell line (AsPC1), whereas the synergistic cytotoxic and phototoxic efficacy is verified in response to illumination of HeLa-GFP cancer cells, MTT assays with human colon cancer cells (HCT116), and normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). HepG2 spheroids as 3D cell cultures prove the effective uptake of the IOH-NPs with high uniform distribution and the release of the chemotherapeutic drugs with the strong synergistic effect of the cocktail of drugs.