SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey across multiple waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City between 2020–2023
Juan Manuel Carreño, Abram L. Wagner, Brian Monahan, Gagandeep Singh, Daniel Floda, Ana S. Gonzalez‐Reiche, Johnstone Tcheou, Ariel Raskin, Dominika Bielak, Sara Morris, M. Fried, Temima Yellin, Leeba Sullivan, PARIS study group, Fatima Amanat, Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar, Christina Capuano, Jordan Ehrenhaus, Shelcie Fabre, Matthew M. Hernandez, Kaijun Jiang, Brian Lerman, Meagan McMahon, Daniel Stadlbauer, Jessica Tan, Su Hui Catherine Teo, Kathryn Twyman, Emilia Mia Sordillo, Aubree Gordon, Harm van Bakel, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer
Abstract
Sero-monitoring provides context to the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and changes in population immunity following vaccine introduction. Here, we describe results of a cross-sectional hospital-based study of anti-spike seroprevalence in New York City (NYC) from February 2020 to July 2022, and a follow-up period from August 2023 to October 2023. Samples from 55,092 individuals, spanning five epidemiological waves were analyzed. Prevalence ratios (PR) were obtained using Poisson regression. Anti-spike antibody levels increased gradually over the first two waves, with a sharp increase during the 3rd wave coinciding with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in NYC resulting in seroprevalence levels >90% by July 2022. Our data provide insights into the dynamic changes in immunity occurring in a large and diverse metropolitan community faced with a new viral pathogen and reflects the patterns of antibody responses as the pandemic transitions into an endemic stage.