State of the art review for industrial wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation process: Mechanism, cost and sludge analysis
Sandeep Kumar Patel, Satish Chandra Shukla, Bikshandarkoil Ramratnam Natarajan, Perumal Asaithambi, Harish Kumar Dwivedi, Amit Sharma, Diwakar Singh, Mohd Nasim, Satish Raghuvanshi, Deepak Sharma, Shamal Sen, Savita Dubey, Abhinesh Kumar Prajapati
Abstract
This review evaluates the effectiveness of electrocoagulation (EC) for treating various industrial wastewater types characterized by high contaminant concentrations. Key findings demonstrate that EC effectively removes heavy metals, organic compounds, and suspended solids, with treatment performance significantly influenced by parameters such as pH, electrode type, operation duration, and current density. The study includes a thorough analysis of the sludge generated during the EC process , addressing its composition and implications for management. Notably, over 80 % of the citations in this review are from the last ten years (2014 to 2023), reflecting the latest advancements in the field. Overall, the findings underscore the potential of EC as a viable method for treating complex industrial wastewater, emphasizing the need for further optimization of both treatment processes and sludge management practices.