Efficient generation of optical bottle beams

Abstract

Abstract Optical bottle beams can be used to trap atoms and small low‐index particles. We introduce a figure of merit (FoM) for optical bottle beams, specifically in the context of optical traps, and use it to compare optical bottle‐beam traps obtained by three different methods. Using this FoM and an optimization algorithm, we identified the optical bottle‐beam traps based on a Gaussian beam illuminating a metasurface that are superior in terms of power efficiency than existing approaches. We numerically demonstrate a silicon metasurface for creating an optical bottle‐beam trap.

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