New metrology for radon at the environmental level
Annette Röttger, Stefan Röttger, Claudia Grossi, Arturo Vargas, Roger Curcoll, P. Otahal, M.A. Hernández-Ceballos, Giorgia Cinelli, Scott Chambers, Susana Barbosa, Mihail-Răzvan Ioan, Ileana Rădulescu, Dafina Kikaj, Edward Chung, Tim Arnold, Camille Yver Kwok, Marta Fuente, Florian Mertes, Viacheslav Morosh
Abstract
Radon gas is the largest source of public exposure to naturally occurring radioactivity. However, radon is also a useful tracer for understanding atmospheric processes, assessing the accuracy of chemical transport models, and enabling integrated emissions estimates of greenhouse gases. A sound metrological system for low level atmospheric radon observations is therefore needed for the benefit of the atmospheric, climate and radiation protection research communities. To this end, here we present a new calibration method for activity concentrations below 20 Bq m -3 and a prototype of the first portable radon monitor capable of achieving uncertainties of 5% (at k = 2) at these concentrations. Compliance checking of policy-driven regulations regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is an essential component of climate change mitigation efforts. Independent, reliable 'top down' methods that can be applied consistently for estimating local-to regional-scale GHG emissions (such as the radon tracer method (RTM)) are an essential part of this process. The RTM relies upon observed radon and GHG concentrations and measured or modeled radon fluxes. Reliable radon flux maps could also significantly aid EU member states comply with European COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2013/59/EURATOM. This article also introduces the traceRadon project, key aims of which include outlining a standardized approach for application of the RTM, creating infrastructure with a traceability