Adaptive <i>q</i>XE-LMF Filter for Improving Power Quality Using Grid-Supporting Photovoltaic System
Nirav Patel, Ajay Kumar, H. R. Pota, Ramesh C. Bansal, Nitin Gupta
Abstract
In practice, nonlinear electrical loads pose various power quality (PQ) challenges. Driven by these challenges, a parallel combination of a nonlinear load and a photovoltaic (PV) inverter with adaptive quantum normalized-least mean fourth ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</i> XE-LMF) filter is proposed and experimentally validated to detect and compensate for the harmonics in harmonically contaminated currents. A scheme with an adaptive <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</i> XE-LMF using fundamental weight components is used to generate the harmonics in the inverter output current thereby improving the PQ of the grid supply. The resulting grid current is pure and balanced; the PV inverter connected in parallel with the nonlinear load provides reactive and harmonic current support. Practically, the adaptive feature enables the online learning of filter weights of the load current harmonics to guarantee unconditionally balanced sinusoidal grid current. The proposed <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</i> XE-LMF filter ensures fast convergence and minimum steady-state oscillations in the grid reference currents. An improved anti-windup PI compensator is used to ensure dc-link voltage stabilization. The practicality of the proposed adaptive <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</i> XE-LMF filter is experimentally demonstrated using a three-phase four-wire uncontrolled rectifier-based nonlinear load. The experimental results also demonstrate the robustness of the <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</i> XE-LMF filter against changes in solar insolation level and nonlinear loads.