Perinatal outcomes and serological results in neonates of pregnant women seropositive to SARS-CoV-2: A cross-sectional descriptive study
Carmen Dávila-Aliaga, Marcos Espínola-Sánchez, Elina Mendoza-Ibáñez, Enrique Guevara-Ríos, Elsa Torres-Marcos, Rosmary Hinojosa-Pérez, Ylia Espinoza-Vivas, Ricardo Álvarez, Carlos Velásquez, Luis Meza-Santibáñez, Oswaldo Gonzáles-Carrillo, Pedro Arango-Ochante, Augusto Racchumí-Vela, Claudia Saldaña-Díaz
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly throughout the world. However, its ability to cause severe disease is not homogeneous according to sex and the different age groups. OBJECTIVE: To determine perinatal characteristics, morbidity, mortality, and serological results in neonates from seropositive pregnant women to SARS-CoV-2. METHODS: We did a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study. We included all newborns from positive pregnant women to SARS-CoV-2, between April 15 and May 10, 2020, who delivered in the National Perinatal Maternal Institute of Peru. The study extracted maternal and neonatal variables collected from the medical charts. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Fischer's exact test. RESULTS: One hundred fourteen neonates were identified, 36.8% IgM/IgG positive for SARS-CoV-2, 7% IgG, and 56.2% had negative serology. The obstetric complications were premature rupture of membranes (14.9%) and preterm birth (8,8%). 8.8% of newborns had an Apgar score of less than or equal to six minutes, and of those, only one persisted after five minutes; three newborns died. There was an association between the type of maternal immunoglobulin and the serology of the newborn (p < 0.05). No association was observed between perinatal results and maternal immunoglobulin type (p > 0.05) or serological results in the newborn for SARS-CoV-2 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: 43.9% of seropositive mothers' neonates to SARS-CoV-2 had a positive serological result, more frequently type IgM/IgG. 10.5% of the neonates had some morbidity, more frequent prematurity, low birth weight, and 2.6% died. Perinatal results were not associated with the type of immunoglobulin of mothers seropositive to SARS-CoV-2; similarly, perinatal results were not associated with serological results in the newborn.