The Functionalization Study of PVDF/TiO2 Hollow Fibre Membranes Under Vacuum Calcination Exposure
E A Pradhana, Muthia Elma, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman, Nurul Huda, Muhammad Dafa Ulhaq, Erdina Lulu Atika Rampun, Aulia Rahma
Abstract
Abstract In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fibre membrane was modified by adding TiO 2 . TiO 2 presence affects the membrane structure becomes more less hydrophobic which makes the membrane less fouling. Membranes were made via dry-wet spinning method and calcined under vacuum condition by furnace (100, 300, and 500 °C). Besides, PVDF-TiO 2 uncalcined membrane were also prepared as comparison to investigated the effect of calcination on hollow fibre membrane’s functional groups. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectra indicated that all PVDF-TiO 2 membranes have bands of OH in the TiO 2 at ∼1600 cm −1 . Peaks of α-phase PVDF crystals appeared at ∼876, ∼876, and ∼872 cm −1 for uncalcined, 100 and 300 °C, while for 500 °C the PVDF peak only shows at 874 cm −1 . The peaks at ∼1200 cm −1 represent CF 2 groups. Peaks at ∼1400 cm −1 assigned to CH 2 groups, but it does not observed for 500 °C. Deconvolution by Fityk software that shows calcination using vacuum condition gives the compounds gradually decomposes. At high temperature calcination lead the CH 2 peak extremely lost.