Hysteresis-free and dynamically resilient strain sensor enabled by interfacial coordination
Jiang He, Jiaoya Huang, Rongrong Li, Ziyu Chen, Z. M. Simon Li, Runhui Zhou, Siyuan Wang, Wenchao Gao, Chuan Fei Guo, Rongrong Bao, Caofeng Pan
Abstract
Mechanical hysteresis in soft materials remains a fundamental barrier to achieving accurate, high-speed strain sensing, especially under large and dynamic deformation. Here, we report a hysteresis-free strain sensor enabled by an interfacial coordination strategy, which integrates intrinsically stretchable dual-network universal bonding materials to establish robust adhesion between hyperelastic and hydrogel-dielectric hybrid systems. This architecture simultaneously enhances the elastic rebound stiffness of the composite and suppresses interfacial slippage, leading to a notable reduction in system-level hysteresis. A strain rate–dependent evaluation framework is proposed to systematically quantify dynamic hysteresis variability. The resulting sensor exhibits outstanding performance under extreme mechanical conditions, including 100% peak strain and strain rates up to 50% per second, maintaining a failure range below 1%. Moreover, the sensor demonstrates high linearity [coefficient of determination ( R 2 ) = 0.9998], an extended sensing range exceeding 200%, and superior mechanical durability. This work provides a comprehensive strategy toward hysteresis-free and dynamically accurate soft strain sensors, paving the way for next-generation human-machine interfaces and wearable electronics.