Pneumococcal Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Host Immunity
Saigopalakrishna S. Yerneni, Sarah Werner, Juliana H. Azambuja, Nils Ludwig, Rory Eutsey, Surya D. Aggarwal, Peter C. Lucas, Nathanael G. Bailey, Theresa L. Whiteside, Phil G. Campbell, N. Luisa Hiller
Abstract
Our studies reveal that Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) (pEVs) are internalized by macrophages, T cells, and epithelial cells. In vitro , pEVs induce NF-κB activation in a dosage-dependent manner and polarize human macrophages to an alternative (M2) phenotype. In addition, pEV pretreatment conditions macrophages to increase bacteria uptake and such macrophages may act as a reservoir for pneumococcal cells by increasing survival of the phagocytosed bacteria.
Topics & Concepts
Immune systemStreptococcus pneumoniaePathogenMicrobiologyBiologyPneumococcal infectionsIn vitroIn vivoExtracellular vesiclesImmunityHuman pathogenMacrophageImmunologyBacteriaCell biologyAntibioticsGeneticsBiochemistryBiotechnologyExtracellular vesicles in diseaseBacterial Infections and VaccinesKawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications