Cellulose/hydroxyapatite composite as an innovative sustainable material for food packaging applications
Qurratu Aini Alya Adzkia, Atiek Rostika Noviyanti, Yana Cahyana, Sergio Torres‐Giner, Yaya Rukayadi
Abstract
The extensive use of petrochemical-based plastics in food packaging poses environmental threats due to their nonbiodegradability and lack of antimicrobial function. As a sustainable alternative, this review investigates cellulose-based composites reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA), focusing on their potential in food packaging. A systematic literature search was performed, using major scientific databases to identify and evaluate relevant studies. The review discusses key properties of cellulose/HA composites, emphasizing their mechanical performance, biodegradability, and antibacterial capabilities. HA, a naturally occurring bioceramic, enhances the structural strength and antimicrobial efficacy of cellulose matrices, which are derived from renewable resources. The combination of these materials offers improved food preservation by extending shelf life and providing microbial protection. The review also outlines mechanisms of action, fabrication approaches, and material interactions. Cellulose/HA composites show promising potential as eco-friendly packaging materials that align with food safety goals and environmental sustainability. However, further research is needed to optimize barrier properties, evaluate chemical safety under real-use conditions, and understand biodegradation performance across diverse environments. These insights can guide the development of next-generation bio-based packaging solutions to replace conventional plastics in the food industry.