Discovery of Local Analogs to JWST’s Little Red Dots
Ruqiu Lin, Zhen-Ya Zheng, Chunyan Jiang, Fang-Ting Yuan, Luis C. Ho, Junxian Wang, Linhua Jiang, James E. Rhoads, Sangeeta Malhotra, L. Felipe Barrientos, Isak Wold, L. Infante, Shuairu Zhu, Xiang Ji, Xiaodan Fu
Abstract
Abstract Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope has revealed a new class of high-redshift (high- z , z > 4) compact galaxies that are red in the rest-frame optical and blue in the rest-frame UV with V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs), referred to as “little red dots” (LRDs). It is very likely that LRDs host obscured broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In the meanwhile, Green Pea galaxies (GPs), which are compact dwarf galaxies at low redshift, share various similar properties with high-redshift star-forming galaxies. Here, we aim to find the connection between the LRDs and GPs hosting broad-line AGNs (BLGPs). With a sample of 19 BLGPs obtained from our previous work, we further identify seven GPs with V-shaped rest-frame UV-to-optical SEDs that are likely local analogs to LRDs. These V-shaped BLGPs exhibit faint UV absolute magnitudes and sub-Eddington rates similar to those of LRDs. Three of them occupy a similar region to LRDs in the Baldwin–Philips–Terlevich diagram, suggesting they have similar ionization conditions and gas-phase metallicities to LRDs. These similarities suggest that V-shaped BLGPs can be taken as local analogs of high-redshift LRDs. In addition, most (16/19) BLGPs, including six V-shaped BLGPs, host overmassive black holes (BHs) above the local M BH – M * relation, making it the first sample of galaxies hosting overmassive BHs at z < 0.4. These findings will help us learn more about the formation and coevolution of early galaxies and BHs.