Advances in Wearable Sensors for Health Management: From Advanced Materials to Intelligent Systems
Shiqi Song, Miaomiao Zhang, Xiaobao Gong, Shuo Shi, Jian Fang, Xungai Wang
Abstract
Abstract Flexible wearable sensors have emerged as a transformative technology in health monitoring, offering significant potential for personalized healthcare management. While previous studies have focused on specific aspects such as sensing mechanisms and materials, comprehensive reviews that address interdisciplinary design, system integration, and AI applications remain limited. This review systematically examines electronic skin technologies, covering the full spectrum from fundamental materials to integrated systems. Key topics include sensing mechanisms, flexible substrates, and functional materials, as well as structural strategies to enhance reliability, such as microscopic patterning and surface bonding. Practical integration is discussed in terms of wearer comfort, sustainable power solutions, wireless communication, and intelligent data processing. Despite rapid advancements, wearable sensors still face major challenges in durability, user comfort, and scalable manufacturing, which hinder their transition from laboratory prototypes to commercial products. This review highlights emerging solutions in materials, device design, and production processes that aim to bridge these gaps. By identifying current technical limitations and proposing innovative strategies, this work provides valuable insights into the development of next‐generation health monitoring systems with multifunctional sensing, adaptive designs, and intelligent diagnostics suitable for real‐world applications.