ROS: Basic Concepts, Sources, Cellular Signaling, and its Implications in Aging Pathways
Arthur José Pontes Oliveira de Almeida, Júlio César Pinheiro Lúcio de Oliveira, Larisse Virgolino da Silva Pontes, Javanyr Frederico de Souza Júnior, Tays Amanda Felisberto Gonçalves, Sabine Helena Dantas, Mathania Silva de Almeida Feitosa, Antônia Oliveira Silva, Isac Almeida de Medeiros
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are bioproducts of cellular metabolism. There is a range of molecules with oxidizing properties known as ROS. Despite those molecules being implied negatively in aging and numerous diseases, their key role in cellular signaling is evident. ROS control several biological processes such as inflammation, proliferation, and cell death. The redox signaling underlying these cellular events is one characteristic of the new generation of scientists aimed at defining the role of ROS in the cellular environment. The control of redox potential, which includes the balance of the sources of ROS and the antioxidant system, implies an important target for understanding the cells' fate derived from redox signaling. In this review, we summarized the chemical, the redox balance, the signaling, and the implications of ROS in biological aging.