Phylogenetic Diversity of Culturable Marine Bacteria from Mangrove Sediments of Goa, India: a Potential Source of Xylanases Belonging to Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 10
Pankaj Parab, Rakhee Khandeparker, Belle Damodara Shenoy, Jitender Sharma
Abstract
Abstract Xylan is one of the most abundant polysaccharides present in softwoods and hardwoods. Microbial xylanases mainly mediate its degradation. Xylanase has biotechnological potential with enormous demand in industries. The present study was initiated to investigate the diversity of culturable bacteria in mangrove sediments of Goa (India) and study the xylanase-coding gene in the isolated bacteria. Phylogenetic diversity was determined, in which proteobacteria was the dominant phylum (57%) with the abundance of Vibrio (36%) and Photobacterium (9%), while the second most abundant phylum Firmicutes (40%) was dominated by Bacillus (32%). Among all the culturable isolates screened for xylan degradation, the Bacillus genus was dominant (86%) xylan degrader. Bacillus isolates were further screened for the xylanase gene. The xylanase gene fragments of representative Bacillus were sequenced. All sequences matched to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 10, thus, showing the dominance of GH10 xylanases in the mangroves regions of Goa (India). GH10 xylanases isolated from Bacillus sp. showed a broad pH optima ranged from pH 5.0 to 9.0 and temperature optima ranged from 50 to 60°C. These properties can be of potential interest for a variety of industrial processes where degradation of lignocelluloses is a crucial process.