Associations of Time in Range and Other Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Derived Metrics With Well-Being and Patient-Reported Outcomes: Overview and Trends
Dominic Ehrmann, Lilli Priesterroth, Andreas Schmitt, Bernhard Kulzer, Norbert Hermanns
Abstract
Time in glucose ranges is increasingly relevant for research and clinical practice. Whereas the clinical validity of these metrics has been demonstrated with regard to long-term complications, their associations with patient-reported outcomes such as well-being, diabetes distress, and fear of hypoglycemia remain an open research question. This article reviews existing evidence on links between times in glycemic ranges and patient-reported outcomes. It also describes a novel research approach of using ecological momentary assessment to analyze on a more granular level in real time possible associations of these parameters of glycemic control and patient-reported outcomes. Such an approach could further our understanding of how glucose and patient-reported outcomes may be interconnected.