Catalytic co-pyrolysis of palm oil empty fruit bunch and waste tire using calcium oxide catalysts for upgrading bio-oil
Sunarno, Ida Zahrina, Silvia Reni Yenti, Rozanna Sri Irianty, Panca Setia Utama
Abstract
The paper discusses the influences of percentages of calcium oxide catalysts and operation temperature of catalytic co-pyrolysis on the products and characteristis of upgraded bio-oil. Catalytic co-pyrolysis was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor with an inner diameter of 30 mm and and a length of 300 mm. The treated EFB was mixed with the waste tire with a weight ratio of 25:75 and was added calcium oxide with catalysts with percentages of (1,2,3,4,5%). The mixed raw material and calcium oxide were put into the catalytic co-pyrolysis reactor and heated at 400 – 550 °C. The highest bio-oil yield is generated on the use of a CaO/raw material ratio of 3% w/w and temperature of 500 °C was 38.3 wt%. Bio-oil produced from catalytic co-pyrolysis of 25% palm oil empty fruit bunch (POEFB) and 75% waste tire using 3% calcium oxide catalyst has physical properties close to diesel oil. The GC–MS analysis has revealed that bio-oil contains hydrocarbon of 94.01% and oxygenated compounds of 5.99%.