An injectable MB/BG@LG sustained release lipid gel with antibacterial and osteogenic properties for efficient treatment of chronic periodontitis in rats
Yeke Chen, Fang Dai, Tian Deng, Lijie Wang, Yuting Yang, Chenjiang He, Qiangdong Liu, Jianxin Wu, Fanrong Ai, Li Song
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the colonization of pathogenic microorganisms and the loss of periodontal supporting tissue. However, the existing local drug delivery system for periodontitis has some problems including subpar antibacterial impact, easy loss, and unsatisfactory periodontal regeneration. In this study, a multi-functional and sustained release drug delivery system (MB/[email protected]) was developed by encapsulating methylene blue (MB) and bioactive glass (BG) into the lipid gel (LG) precursor by Macrosol technology. The properties of MB/[email protected] were characterized using a scanning electron microscope, a dynamic shear rotation rheometer, and a release curve. The results showed that MB/[email protected] could not only sustained release for 16 days, but also quickly fill the irregular bone defect caused by periodontitis through in situ hydration. Under 660 nm light irradiation, methylene blue-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) can reduce local inflammatory response by inhibiting bacterial growth. In addition, in vitro and vivo experiments have shown that MB/[email protected] can effectively promote periodontal tissue regeneration by reducing inflammatory response, promoting cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In summary, MB/[email protected] exhibited excellent adhesion properties, self-assembly properties, and superior drug release control capabilities, which improved the clinical feasibility of its application in complex oral environments.