Proton Radiation Hardness of Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics
Felix Lang, Marko Jošt, Kyle Frohna, Eike Köhnen, Amran Al‐Ashouri, Alan R. Bowman, Tobias Bertram, Anna Belen Morales‐Vilches, Dibyashree Koushik, Elizabeth M. Tennyson, Krzysztof Gal̷kowski, Giovanni Landi, Mariadriana Creatore, Bernd Stannowski, Christian A. Kaufmann, Jürgen Bundesmann, Jörg Rappich, B. Rech, A. Denker, Steve Albrecht, Heinz-Christoph Neitzert, N. H. Nickel, Samuel D. Stranks
Abstract
. We use photoluminescence microscopy to show that the local quasi-Fermi-level splitting of the perovskite top cell is unaffected. We identify that the efficiency losses arise primarily from increased recombination in the CIGS bottom cell and the nickel-oxide-based recombination contact. These results are corroborated by measurements of monolithic perovskite/silicon-heterojunction cells, which severely degrade to 1% of their initial efficiency due to radiation-induced recombination centers in silicon.