Synthesis of NNN Chiral Ruthenium Complexes and Their Cytotoxicity Studies
Pran Gobinda Nandi, Praveen Kumar Jadi, Kanu Das, Siriyara Jagannatha Prathapa, Biman B. Mandal, Akshai Kumar
Abstract
) (R = 3-methylbutyl and 3,3-dimethylbutyl) is reported here. The cytotoxicity studies of these complexes were studied and compared with the corresponding activity of achiral complexes. The cytotoxic effect of pincer-ruthenium complexes on human dermal fibroblasts and human tongue carcinoma cells assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay displayed an inhibition of normal and cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level measurement, lactate dehydrogenase assay, DNA fragmentation, and necrosis studies revealed that treatment with pincer-ruthenium complexes induced a redox imbalance in SAS cells by upregulating ROS generation and caused necrotic cell death by disrupting the cellular membrane integrity.