Production of biofuels options by contribution of effective and suitable enzymes: Technological developments and challenges
Renu Singh, Sapna Langyan, Bharti Rohtagi, Sibananda Darjee, Ashish Khandelwal, Manoj Shrivastava, Richa Kothari, Har Mohan, Shubham Raina, Japleen Kaur, Anita Singh
Abstract
Biofuels can be produced from the organic material that can replace fossil fuels effectively to save environment. Various biofuels such as biodiesel, biohydrogen, bioethanol, biogas are common nowadays and being produced through respective production pathways. Production of different biofuels are dependent on enzymes either for pretreatment of feedstock or having vital role in synthesise process. The mode of action of these enzymes decides the process efficiency as well as the feasibility. Commercialization of biofuels from variable biomass has certain limitations related to enzymes involved. Proper understanding of mechanism of action provide solutions to the limitations and advancements. Application of genetic engineering approaches not only making the enzymatic process economic but also opening the avenues of advancements. The review mainly focused on current status of enzymes in biofuels production processes and related research and developments.