EPI-Net One Health reporting guideline for antimicrobial consumption and resistance surveillance data: a Delphi approach
Nithya Rajendran, Fabiana Arieti, Carla Alejandra Mena-Benítez, Liliana Galia, Maela Tebon, Julio Álvarez, Beryl Primrose Gladstone, Lucie Collineau, Giulia De Angelis, Raquel Duro, William H. Gaze, Siri Göpel, Souha S. Kanj, Annemarie Käsbohrer, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Estibaliz Lopez de Abechuco, Elena Mazzolini, Nico T. Mutters, Maria Diletta Pezzani, Elisabeth Presterl, Hanna Renk, Jesús Rodríguez‐Baño, Oana Săndulescu, Federico Scali, Robert Skov, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Cuong Vuong, Evelina Tacconelli, Ayôla Akim Adégnika, Lisa Avery, Marc J. M. Bonten, Alessandro Cassini, Claire Chauvin, Monica Compri, Peter Damborg, Sabine De Greeff, Maria Dolores Del Toro, Matthias Filter, Alison M. Franklin, Bruno González‐Zorn, Kari Grave, Didier Hocquet, Ludwig E. Hoelzle, Erta Kalanxhi, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Leonard Leibovici, Surbhi Malhotra‐Kumar, Marc Mendelson, Mical Paul, Cristina Muñoz Madero, Rita Murri, Laura J. V. Piddock, Carolien Ruesen, Maurizio Sanguinetti, T. Schilling, Remco Schrijver, Mitchell J. Schwaber, Luigia Scudeller, Didem Törümküney, Thomas P. Van Boeckel, Wannes Vanderhaeghen, Andreas Voß, Teresa M. Wozniak
Abstract
Strategic and standardised approaches to analysis and reporting of surveillance data are essential to inform antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mitigation measures, including antibiotic policies. Targeted guidance on linking full-scale AMR and antimicrobial consumption (AMC)/antimicrobial residues (AR) surveillance data from the human, animal, and environmental sectors is currently needed. This paper describes the initiative whereby a multidisciplinary panel of experts (56 from 20 countries-52 high income, 4 upper middle or lower income), representing all three sectors, elaborated proposals for structuring and reporting full-scale AMR and AMC/AR surveillance data across the three sectors. An evidence-supported, modified Delphi approach was adopted to reach consensus among the experts for dissemination frequency, language, and overall structure of reporting; core elements and metrics for AMC/AR data; core elements and metrics for AMR data. The recommendations can support multisectoral national and regional plans on antimicrobials policy to reduce resistance rates applying a One Health approach.