Association of Diet and Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthy U.S. Adults
Andrew Oliver, Zhengyao Xue, Yirui Villanueva, Blythe Durbin‐Johnson, Zeynep Alkan, Diana H. Taft, Jinxin Liu, Ian Korf, Kevin D. Laugero, Charles B. Stephensen, David A. Mills, Mary E. Kable, Danielle G. Lemay
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a considerable burden to health care systems, with the public health community largely in consensus that AMR will be a major cause of death worldwide in the coming decades. Humans carry antibiotic resistance in the microbes that live in and on us, collectively known as the human microbiome. Diet is a powerful method for shaping the human gut microbiome and may be a tractable method for lessening antibiotic resistance, and yet little is known about the relationship between diet and AMR. We examined this relationship in healthy individuals who contained various abundances of antibiotic resistance genes and found that individuals who consumed diverse diets that were high in fiber and low in animal protein had fewer antibiotic resistance genes. Dietary interventions may be useful for lessening the burden of antimicrobial resistance and might ultimately motivate dietary guidelines which will consider how nutrition can reduce the impact of infectious disease.