USE SILICA NANOPARTICLES IN CONTROLLING LATE WILT DISEASE IN MAIZE CAUSED BY HARPOPHORA MAYDIS
M Abdel-Hamid, M Abdel-Momeim, ; El-Shafey, S El-Deeb, F Adam, T Chew, J Andas, M Ali, A Ashour, K Sabet, E El-Shabrawy, A Lhanshoul, J Athinaranan, V Periasamy, M Alhazmi, K Alatiah, A Alshatwi, N Bala, S Saha, M Chakraborty, M Maiti, S Das, R Basu, P Nandy, S Bardin, H Huang, J Moyer, T Barik, B Sahu, V Swain, Y Bi, S Tian, Y Gue, Y Ge, G Qin, R Brayner, R Ferrari-Iliou, ; Brivois, ; Djediat, M Benedetti, M Fievet, I Carmen, P Chithra, Q Huang, P Takhistov, S Liu, J Kokini, N El-Gazzar, G Rabie, A El-Mehalowy, N Hassanein, H Khater, E Daram El-Din, Y Youssef, S El-Moghazy, M Shalaby ; Ahlam, A Mehesen, M Elbagory, H El-Shafey, M Abd-El-Rahim, M Refaat, H El-Shafey, L Claflin, H El-Shafey, F El-Shorbagy, ; Khalil, E El-Assiuty, E Elshahawy, B El-Sayed, E Epstein, W Games, K Gopinath, S Gowri, V Karthika, A Arumugam, Y Li, Y Bi, Y Ge, X Sun, Y Wang, V Mody, A Cox, S Shah, A Singh, W Bevins, H Parihar, R Nair, S Varghese, B Nair, T Maekawa, Y Yoshida, D Kumar, T Naseem, M Farrukh, A Perez-De-Luque, D Rubiales, D Rains, E Epstein, R Zasoski, M Aslam
Abstract
Green synthesized silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) and their optimizationunder different pH values i.e., (5, 7, 9, 11) giving sizes 20, 40.2, 70.2 and95.5 nm, were evaluated for controlling Harpophora maydis the causalagent of late wilt disease in Zea maize in vitro and in vivo. Under laboratoryconditions, PDA medium revealed that all tested SiNPs sizes, 20, 40.2, 70.2and 95.5nm at different concentrations (0.5, 2.5, 5 and 10 ppm) significantlyinhibited the mycelia radial growth of Harpophora maydis. Reductionincreased by increasing concentration compared to control. The mostefficient treatment was SiNP- 20 nm followed by SiNP-40.2 nm.Greenhouse experiment indicated that seed coated by SiNPs significantlyreduced the infection percentage of late wilt and enhanced the germinationpercentage compared with check treatment (70.8%). The SiNP-20 nmfollowed by SiNP-40.2 nm introduced superior reduction in diseaseincidence (88.2 and 87.7% reduction, respectively) at concentration 10 ppm.The lowest effect was SiNP-95.5 nm which gave 52.9% reduction. Resultsof field trails during 2019-2020 growing season at Giza and Gemmezadisease nurseries indicated that treated seeds with SiNPs showed significantreduction in maize infected with late wilt compared with check plants(78.3% and 81.7% at Giza 2019, Gemmeza 2020, respectively). Also, therewere significant differences between treatments in yield average of the twoseasons. The disease reduction and yield increased with increasingconcentrations. The SiNPs-20 nm and SiNPs-40.2 nm treatments were themost efficient treatments in decreasing disease incidence and enhancingyield when recorded 6.7% at 10 ppm at first season (Giza-2019) for bothtreatments while gave 6.7% and 8.3% in the second season at Gemmeza-2020, respectively. On the other hand, average yield were 29 ard/fd in casesof SiNP-20 nm and 27.3 ard/fd in case of SiNP-40.2 nm. In contrary, thelowest treatments were the concentration 0.5 ppm of treatments SiNPs 95.5,70.2 nm. Where, the infection was 34% and average yield of 17.6 ard/fd forSiNP-95.5 nm and it was 26.3% infection % which yielded 18 (ard/fd) intreatment SiNP-70.2 nm at Gemmeza location. It could be concluded thatusing the green synthesized SiNPs ecologically welcomed at sizes 20 andEgypt. J. of Appl. Sci., 36 (3) 2021 1-1940.2 nm, were more efficient than that with higher sizes in controlling maizelate wilt disease and enhancing maize yield productivity.