Graphene-like Carbon from Calcium Hydroxide
Alexander Brown, Jason Lin, Juan P. Vizuet, Milana C. Thomas, Kenneth J. Balkus
Abstract
S/m). Additionally, the significance and origin of the C 1s X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) π-π* plasmon loss peak as it is related to high electrical conductivity is reported. A unique mechanism for the catalytic process involving calcium acetylide is proposed. Several deposition times, steam concentration, and catalyst morphology were tested to synthesize a variety of carbon morphologies from calcium-based materials. Crumpled carbon, hollow nanospheres, bamboo-like carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and graphene fiber morphologies were all formed using calcium-based catalysts. Multiple reaction conditions, a scaled reaction (300 g), and catalyst recyclability were investigated. Calcium-based materials were then used as catalysts for the growth of other graphene-like carbons.