Main factors influencing long-term outcomes of liver transplantation in 2022
Elisa Fuochi, Lorenzo Anastasio, Erica Nicola Lynch, Claudia Campani, Gabriele Dragoni, Stefano Milani, Andrea Galli, Tommaso Innocenti
Abstract
Liver transplant (LT) outcomes have markedly improved in the recent decades, even if long-term morbidity and mortality are still considerable. Most of late deaths are independent from graft function and different comorbidities, including complications of metabolic syndrome and de novo neoplasms, seem to play a key role in determining long-term outcomes in LT recipients. This review discusses the main factors associated with late mortality and suggests possible strategies to improve long-term management and follow-up after liver transplantation. In particular, the reduction of drug toxicity, the use of tools to identify high-risk patients, and setting up a multidisciplinary team also for long-term management of LT recipients may further improve survival after liver transplantation.