Barriers to the Intestinal Absorption of Four Insulin-Loaded Arginine-Rich Nanoparticles in Human and Rat
Patrik Lundquist, Georgiy Khodus, Zhigao Niu, Lungile Nomcebo Thwala, Fiona McCartney, Ivailo Simoff, Ellen Andersson, Ana Beloqui, Aloı̈se Mabondzo, Sandra Robla, Dominic‐Luc Webb, Per M. Hellström, Åsa V. Keita, Eduardo Sima, Noémi Csaba, Magnus Sundbom, Véronique Préat, David J. Brayden, Marı́a José Alonso, Per Artursson
Abstract
studies in intact rat jejunal loops confirmed the results from human tissue regarding mucus binding, epithelial uptake, and negligible insulin bioavailability. In conclusion, while none of the four arginine-rich nanoparticles supported systemic insulin delivery, ENCP displayed a consistently high uptake along the intestinal villi. It is proposed that ENCP should be further investigated for local delivery of therapeutics to the intestinal mucosa.