Review of emerging contaminants in water: USA and African perspectives
Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu, Onyeka Henry Daraojimba, Johnson Sunday Oliha, Alexander Obaigbena, Michael Ayorinde Dada, Michael Tega Majemite
Abstract
This research paper comprehensively reviews emerging contaminants in water, examining global trends and specific perspectives from the United States (USA) and Africa. Identifying contaminants originating from industrial, agricultural, and urban sources, the study explores regulatory frameworks, health, environmental impacts, and management strategies. Gaps and challenges are analyzed, including data limitations, regulatory gaps, and technological constraints. The paper recommends a holistic, adaptive approach, emphasizing research, regulatory adaptability, technological innovation, community empowerment, international collaboration, climate resilience, and equity. The proposed strategies aim to enhance water quality management, ensuring sustainable practices that safeguard human health, ecosystems, and equitable access to clean water on a global scale.